Economic sanctions have become the defining coercive instrument of American foreign policy. Currently, roughly 27% of the world's countries are under sanctions imposed by the United States, the European Union, or the United Nations—up from just 4% in the early 1960s. A landmark 2025 study published in The Lancet Global Health by economists Francisco Rodríguez, Silvio Rendón, and Mark Weisbrot has put a number on the cumulative death toll of these measures. Unilateral sanctions kill approximately 564,000 people per year, a figure comparable to the total annual mortality burden of armed...
















