In Xinjiang, the People's Republic of China (PRC) is conducting perhaps the most intensive program of social engineering in recent history. It is probably trampling on the human rights of Uyghurs and other Turkic minorities, systemically and by design and randomly through abuses in the system. It might be committing crimes against humanity. It is not, however, committing genocide. Accusations of genocide against the Uyghurs have become a staple of anti-China campaigning in the West, not because of the merits of the case, but because of the convenience it offers to anti-PRC messaging and...